Degenerative Disc Disease

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Degenerative disc disease(DDD)

Degenerative disc disease usually occurs in active and healthy people who are in their thirties or forties. In fact, the low back pain that often accompanies DDD is the leading cause of disability in people under age 45. This can be the reason for The constant back pain in many working people also.

Disc degeneration is a natural part of aging and over time all people will exhibit changes in their discs consistent with a greater or lesser degree of degeneration.

The Disc is avascular and consists mainly of a macromolecular extracellular matrix (ECM) with a low-density population of cells. The high collagen in ECM contributes to the disc to be rigid to support.

Histologic assessment has shown that disc degeneration definitively begins in the early teenage year. In DDD the rate of matrix anabolism slows, while matrix catabolism increases. So the fibrous tissues increase leading to loss of gel like nature of the disc.

The breakdown of The spongy cartilage tissue, that separates and gives cushion and support between vertebral bone, becomes  the reason for the degeneration. This breakdown is most often caused by normal changes that occur as part of the aging process.

However, not all people will develop symptoms, as it is  quite variable in its nature and severity.

Reasons

-Degeneration associated with Aging

-Improper Nutrition- As The disc is avascular, it gets nutrients only from diffusion.

- Repeated Mechanical Loading. It has also been suggested that the routine cycle of disc deformation and recovery caused by normal activity could eventually lead to fatigue failure of the disc

- The other component in disc degeneration is breakdown of the matrix. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and aggrecanases are two classes of enzymes involved in both normal matrix turnover and degeneration.

Current first-line therapies for IVD degeneration such as physical therapy and spinal fusion address symptoms, but do not treat the underlying degeneration.

The physiotherapy and painkillers are used to decrease the pain, but the cause remains there.

As the herniated disc compress the spinal cord, the referred pain also needs treatment.

Symptoms

Cervical  DD- Sore and stiff neck, gradually becoming less-flexible; Radiating pain to Arms and Shoulder along

with numbness and tingling;

Thoracic DD- Pain and  muscle spasms while moving the back, bladder dysfunction , postural changes.

Lumbar DD- Increasing pain while sitting, twisting, bending or lifting; localized pain on lower back sometimes referring to hips, thighs and legs;  Sciatic pain,

Stem Cell Therapy

The multi potent nature of Stem cell are used successfully in treating DDD. They slow down the process of degeneration and increase the production of Matrix. As the stem cells can multiply into fibrocartilageous cells, the research with stem cells are the most safest and result oriented treatment for DDD. The supportive treatments and proper nutrition are also to be followed.

Stem Cell treatment for degenerative disk disease in the best and only alternative to having risky back surgery.

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